Endoscopy, Colonoscopy, Sigmoidoscopy

These are diagnostic procedures used to examine different parts of the digestive tract. They help detect conditions like ulcers, polyps, inflammation, or even cancer.

1. Endoscopy (Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)

• A thin, flexible tube (endoscope) with a camera is inserted through the mouth.
• The doctor examines the upper digestive tract for ulcers, acid reflux, tumors, or bleeding.
• Sometimes, a biopsy (small tissue sample) is taken for further testing.

2. Colonoscopy

• A colonoscope (long, flexible tube with a camera) is inserted through the rectum.
• The doctor checks for polyps, inflammation, bleeding, or colorectal cancer.
• If polyps are found, they can be removed during the procedure.